Mayor Sadiq Khan intends to increase his share of tax by £20 a year for the next three years.
The operator is required to be self-sufficient by April 2023, and generate at least £500m a year more in income.
Sadiq Khan says the government is “still refusing to properly fund TfL” and is “holding London to ransom”.
Richmond Park Lib Dem MP Sarah Olney says “this political row is now unfairly hitting the pockets of ordinary Londoners”.